POLITICAL SYSTEMS AND INSTITUTIONS THAT EMERGED IN ROME DURING THE REPUBLICAN ERA

Abstract

Rome began to expand shortly after the founding of the republic in the 6th century BC, although it did not expand outside the Italian peninsula until the third century BC, after which, the republic was an empire long before it had an emperor, the republic was not Roman nation-state in the modern sense,, But a network of cities left themselves to rule although with varying degrees of independence from the Roman Senate, provinces administered by military commanders, ruled not by emperors, but by yearly elected rulers, Roman consuls above all, in conjunction with the Senate for various reasons, were The first century BC was a time of political and military unrest, which eventually led to the rule of emperors, The military power of the consuls was based on the Roman legal concept of Imperium, the Roman Empire had a government headed by emperors and large territorial regions, and served the city of Rome as the capital, the Republican system, which replaced the Roman monarchy in the 6th century BC, became due to the expansion of the Roman Empire had institutions and forms governance in the area governed by it, while the republican institutions of Rome helped political development and that served Rome's architectural traditions as the basis for neoclassical architecture.